In addition to Kissinger, Jeremy Rifkin, the author of the third industrial revolution, is probably the most popular American in China. He was rated as "Wu Xiaobo style public economist" by Southern People Weekly.

Rifkin believes that collaborative sharing is a new economic model. Billions of people are both producers and consumers, sharing energy, information and physical objects on the Internet. Ownership is replaced by right of use, exchange value is replaced by shared value, and human beings enter a new era of shared economy.

Roland Berger, the world's top strategic management consulting company, issued a report on the sharing economy at the end of 2016, pointing out that by 2018, the scale of the global sharing economy is expected to reach 520 billion US dollars (about 3600 billion RMB).

Among them, China has formed a US $62.5 billion (about 430 billion yuan) share economy market and maintained a 54% high-speed growth. By 2018, China's share economy market is expected to reach US $230 billion (about 1580 billion yuan), accounting for 44% of the global economy from 33%, becoming a leading force.

According to China's sharing economy development report 2017 released by the sharing economy research center of the National Information Center, the transaction volume of China's sharing economy market in 2016 was about 345.2 billion yuan, an increase of 103% over the previous year. By the end of the 13th five year plan, the share economy will account for more than 10% of China's GDP.

How to play the sharing economy? Take a look at the nine most lucrative sharing economy business models in the world.

They are——

carpooling

Spaces

Shared Finance

Sharing delicious food

Sharing health care

Sharing public resources

Shared knowledge education

Shared task service

1. Sharing travel

Transportation travel is the field of sharing economy which has the widest influence, the most disputes and the most thorough implementation of the spirit of sharing economy in the world. It mainly includes four types: sharing car rental, sharing driving, sharing bicycle and sharing parking space.

Based on the huge stock market, the sharing of traffic travel enlivens a large number of idle car resources, driver resources, parking space resources, etc. in the society, while changing people's travel mode, the utilization rate of idle traffic resources is improved exponentially.

Uber is the Enlightenment of "sharing economy". As the largest taxi company in the world, it has built a platform of sharing economy through mobile application, although there is no car, which breaks the traditional car rental field controlled by taxi or rental company.

According to Roland Berger, at present, the average idle time of social vehicles in China is about 95%, and a large number of transportation capacity has not been activated. As an area with the most urgent demand and the highest industry maturity, car sharing travel should be the first entry point for the development of sharing economy in China.

Apart from sharing cars, China's bike sharing market is booming. About 15-20 bike sharing brands led by Mobai and ofo have jointly formed the rainbow family.

The founder background of several main members of rainbow family

Alipay recently announced that ofo, Yongan line, Xiaolan, Hellobike, funbike, and other bike sharing brands (except for the two) have reached an agreement with the ants' gold clothing. From April 29th, users will be able to unlock these brand share bicycles by sweeping through Alipay.

2. Spaces

Space is a ubiquitous resource, but it has clear characteristics, including three product forms: shared accommodation space, shared pet space and shared office space.

The traditional space owners want to sell or rent to the demanders in high frequency, or the demanders want to understand the real situation of the house, the time cost of the transaction is very high, but the sharing economy of the space breaks the traditional barriers, the supply and demand sides can quickly establish contact and communication, and the information is completely symmetrical.

After Uber transformed people's travel mode, airbnb also changed people's living space and travel mode. Known as "the eBay in the house" - airbnb, although it doesn't have its own house, it can provide 3 million rooms for travelers in 30000 cities in 192 countries around the world through one website, and all of them are unique homestays. Travel means enjoying life. Choosing home stay or short rent on these short rent platforms is not only cheaper than star hotels, getting along with the landlord's family, but also experiencing the local customs.

Compared with these so-called "ancestors", renting houses together seems to be a "sharing" mode chosen by the vast majority of people at present. Through the sharing of house resources, we can share the cost of living equally. On the basis of ensuring private privacy, we can also share friendship, network resources and knowledge between them. Especially in the first tier cities of Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, under the pressure of high housing prices, sharing houses has become the best choice for people who have just graduated or even worked for several years.

At the same time, unlike airbnb's personal housing sharing, Wework has ushered in changes in people's working space. By renting the floor in some areas where the rent is relatively cheap, and carrying out the secondary design, the floor is designed as a fashionable, customizable office space with complete social functions, which breaks the original habit of renting the whole office and rents the work station on demand. The sharing of this office space leads the trend of sharing economy again because of its high efficiency, low cost and convenience. SOHO 3q and Youke factories in China have created a mass innovation space by imitating Wework model, which also gives more resources to start-ups in terms of capital and policy.

3. Shared Finance

The mutual penetration of Finance and Internet mode promotes the birth of financial sharing economic demand, mainly including P2P network loan mode and crowdfunding mode.

Through the Internet platform, the financial sharing economy quickly and efficiently searches and matches the supply and demand side of funds, speeds up the turnover speed of funds, maximizes the use value of funds, and enables more people to enjoy financial services.

In the fields of investment, financing and payment, the sharing finance is just beginning, and it is still dominated by new financial institutions, while the majority of traditional institutions have not kept up with it. But it is certain that this trend has taken shape and will blow out faster than most people expected. Some people predict that by 2020, the shared finance will develop a rich ecosystem, subdivide huge business, and the total scale will reach trillions of yuan; some people boldly predict that one day, a large part of the bank will disappear, as a professional finance itself will disappear, and the finance will be attached to various business activities at any time, solve financial problems at any time, and play the financial function 。

4. Sharing delicious food

OpenTable was founded in 1998 as a public company. Consumers can view nearby restaurants, recipes and reviews through their apps, and reserve seats, while OpenTable generates revenue by charging restaurants a certain fee.

Since 2014 in China, application software such as love chef, good chef and cook have been launched one after another.

"Go home to eat" uses the cooking ability of the middle-aged people in the community to share the family chef, and delivers the dishes to the office in the form of takeout, similar to the neighborhood "group meal" mode, which is cheaper, richer and safer than the restaurant's price.

Through these third-party platforms, good chefs can give full play to their own strengths, provide high-quality food for others in their spare time, and at the same time, they can also earn income. Sharing their spare time and talent with others creates unexpected value.

5. Sharing health care

In China, it is still difficult to line up for registration. Far away from the ocean, patients in New York City can enjoy the on-demand services provided by many doctors through the appointment platform. The new generation of mobile Internet companies, such as heal, pager, and medicast, which provide such services, are favored by the industry. They are likely to become the next Internet giant like Amazon and Uber, which can change people's daily life style.

On the pager platform, patients can book doctors through mobile applications as long as they need. The company will select one of the contracted doctors to reach a 1-to-1 connection with the patients, and provide on-site services within 2 hours.

These are significant for patients who don't have time to queue in the doctor's office. They can save time and energy and enjoy customized medical services. For doctors, they can also earn some extra income.

Another sharing mode is to share and use the fitness venues and fitness coaches, such as classpass, which adopts the mode of "whole in and out", and connects the fitness clubs in New York City through resource integration.

6. Sharing public resources

The main business of SolarCity company acquired by musk is to purchase idle solar photovoltaic system, then lease it to users and provide peripheral services such as installation, etc. through the added value of peripheral services, the product price will be raised and the price difference will be earned from users.

The goal of open garden is to build a network where everyone can share WiFi. After the installation of mobile phones, tablets and other devices, each device becomes a WiFi hotspot. At the same time, they connect with each other to form a huge WiFi network. Later, it launched the application firechat, which can send messages without network.

The sharing of public resources makes many scattered users and data become available resources in an instant, and at the same time, it will not cause the surplus of resources and make the distribution of resources more even.

7. Shared knowledge education

Foreign Ted and domestic Netease open courses are typical knowledge sharing platforms.

China's shell launched a knowledge sharing product, expert at line and answer, which leads knowledge sharing from online to offline. Everyone may be an expert in a field, so that these experts can share their experience and knowledge with others not only online but also offline, which can achieve better results.

For the future of knowledge sharing, Zhihu has always been exploring "knowledge realization", "content payment" and other aspects.

Micro roar, a live broadcast product that has been deeply involved in 2B market, focuses on video live broadcast and enterprise services to help enterprises provide live broadcast of product release, large and small events, etc., which are mainly concentrated in financial, Internet and other high-tech industries, so micro roar's live broadcast has the attribute of knowledge sharing. In addition, micro roar live broadcast is also the incubation platform for knowledge-based anchors, which establishes a dedicated live studio for knowledge-based "netred".

In the process of sharing, let the knowledge existing in everyone's head play a greater value, and through the way of the Internet, break the limit of space. This kind of knowledge sharing can reach people in every corner of the earth, and help them improve their education level and literacy. In addition to its value to the individual, this way has a very far-reaching significance for the development of the whole world.

8. Shared task service

Help others with tasks or services. People publish work content on the website, and then others can receive tasks and get corresponding rewards after completing tasks. Taskrabbit in the United States and Witkey in China are all such enterprises.

From the point of view of the release Tasker, the cost is low and the solution speed is fast, while the person who accepts the task can make some extra money. In this mode, the company will be lighter and more flat.

In addition, under the sharing economy, the express industry can make full use of the people who have free time in the whole society, so it is better than the traditional express industry in terms of personnel issues, and the way of finding the nearest people based on geographical location also saves the time of express.

9. Shared items

With the development of the mobile Internet, the business model of sharing goods presents more diversified forms besides the sharing of goods, books and clothes.

Under the mode of sharing goods, the cost of supply and demand is reduced, and the efficiency of resource docking and allocation is greatly improved. This is not only reflected in the cost of money, but also in the cost of time.

In China, the sharing economy is on fire - sharing the power bank. The headline of the report of financial circles is well summed up: nearly 300 million yuan has been raised in 10 days, 20 institutions including IDG, Tencent, Zhu Xiaohu and Wang Gang have entered the Bureau. After Jumei and chenou invested 300 million yuan in Jiedian technology and became the chairman of the board, Wang Sicong said, "if the shared charging treasure can be made, I will eat Xiang!"

These are the nine sharing economic models that attract the most gold in the world, and the next trillion level market.

Go back to the beginning of the article. Rifkin does not deny that there will be obstacles to the sharing economy, and for a long time, the obstacles and development will exist at the same time, everyone will run in with each other, and suddenly one day, you will gradually see that it does not exist.

His vision for our future social life is as follows: hundreds of millions of people will produce their own green energy at home, office and factory, and share it with you on the "energy Internet". Just like we publish and share information on the Internet. And energy democratization will fundamentally reshape relationships, and it will affect how we do business, how we manage society, how we educate our children and how we live

Extended reading:

How big is the cake of sharing economy

Today's theme for everyone to share is the era of sharing economy and everyone to share.

OK, let me tell you a story before you start.

The protagonist of the story is a friend of mine. He also works on the Internet. He has a car. He used to drive to and from work by himself every day. Recently, he found that the special car is very popular. He thought, anyway, he drives back and forth by himself. The seat above the car is also empty. Why not make some money? So he also got off the software and became a "driver's master".

Now he will turn on the downwind software to see if there are people on the same road to make some extra money. You know, married people have no money. But you also know that Beijing has a tail number restriction. At this time, he will also open the software as a passenger to take someone else's car, which he thinks is very convenient.

Once, he worked late and took a ride home from work. The man who picked him up was a middle-aged man. He was very tired that day and didn't take the initiative to talk. Then the middle-aged man began to talk with him. Later, the two people talked very well all the way. They found that they had a lot of the same hobbies and opinions. What's more, two years ago, they were in A company at work?

This is the end of the story. What do you mean by this story?

In fact, we can hear several key points from the story.

First, idle. My brother's car is empty, isn't it?

Second, to make money, he uses taxi software to take a ride.

Third, he is both the owner and the user. He creates value for himself with his car, and at the same time he makes others' cars to let others get value.

Fourth, he met strangers in this way.

This is an ordinary story, but it reflects our current state of life, and this state is the theme we are going to talk about today - sharing economy. sharing economy

What is sharing economy?

Sharing economy is to share your idle resources with others, improve the utilization rate of resources, and get returns from it. The idea of sharing urgency is to have it together instead of owning it.

what do you mean? Let's give you an example.

Many office workers will drive to work, including everyone here may have a car or drive if there is a car. Think back, how long does your car last every day? 2 hours? Four hours at most.

On the contrary, he will be restricted for a longer time in the parking lot, which can last for about 20 hours. At this time, we need to pay a lot of things, such as parking fees, gas fees and so on. We can see that this car is not well used, right?

What if you used the idea of sharing economy to deal with this matter?

When you get up early and drive to the company at 7 o'clock, it's 9 o'clock. You post a car rental message. It's 10 o'clock to 20 o'clock. Ten minutes later, someone rents your car and drives it away smoothly. You go to work. Today, your expenses are halved and you earn 100 yuan.

Is it possible to make the best use of idle resources?

So we say that sharing economy and sharing economy allocate and maximize idle resources reasonably.

Through the above stories and definitions, we can see the essence of sharing economy.

It is mutual assistance and mutual benefit. Mutual help is to help each other. I need help. You share your things to help me. The other is mutual benefit, which is not the benefit of utilization, but the benefit of profit. Help each other and earn money from each other.

We know that everything has its own track and path, so how does this sharing economy come into being?

First of all, we can trace back to the 19th century, when materials were scarce and everything was public. No one would say that this thing is mine, that thing is yours, everyone's goods are public, and people trust each other, because only mutual trust can keep this kind of public ownership.

But with the development of time, in the 20th century, materials began to have a surplus. At this time, private ownership and personal ownership appeared. At the same time, with the population flowing to the town, the direct relationship between people also changed, and people began to become strange and indifferent.

Now, materials are still surplus, and some things are idle, but people's demands are becoming diversified, and many long tail demands are not satisfied. At this time, the sharing economy is implemented as a solution. At the same time, the relationship between people is also changed, and with the introduction of the sharing economy, mutual trust is also becoming Get up.

Let's talk about a particularly easy to understand example. When we were young, we all had a small overlord game. At that time, there were not many people in the neighborhood who had a game. Some of my friends went to play in his house. This was the sharing economy in the early years. Later, when we became rich, we all used our own small overlord and started to play with our own family. At this time, it's likely that our friends had less contact with each other It began to become strange.

Now, how we hope to have someone to play FIFA and nba2k with ourselves.. You start to invite your good friends to your house to play with you again, but of course, you don't usually ask for money to entertain your friends.. But it's also a sharing economy idea, because you've put another idle handle of the console to work.

What do you think? I think this model is good. I also want to be a shared emergency platform. What can I do. Here's a quick rule.

1. The direction you want to find must be in the area of excess resources. what do you mean? Whether it's time, goods or knowledge, they will be shared only after they have surplus. So we say that resource surplus is the foundation of all sharing economy. Without this prerequisite, all others will be invalid.

2. You need to build a sharing economy platform. When it comes to the platform, we naturally think of websites, apps and so on. In fact, if you are very concerned about the cost, you can build a flat in your community. You can find a blanket net and put it on the floor, and invite everyone to put their idle items here for rent. At this time, you become a medium to match the supply and demand. This is the most original approach, and the website, app just unlimited expansion and efficient use of this form.

3. Distribution on demand. What's the meaning? When you put a lot of people's things on the blanket, you go to the small book to remember these people's things, and follow the small book to find the people who need them, until these things are successfully shared. This is the so-called distribution on demand. It's very old. What if we use the Internet on a large scale? For example, Uber's big data algorithm, to calculate the nearest car owner, Uber will take the initiative to push your order to him, so that you can make a special car in the fastest time.

4. In the end, it's about getting rewards. It's about letting sharers get rewards. This return is not necessarily a return on money, it may also be a return on soul. For example, will helping someone keep your heart happy for a day? Helping others is the traditional virtue of our country, isn't it? Don't laugh. i mean it..

So we say that overcapacity is the foundation of everything, the sharing platform is the medium, the distribution on demand is the method, and the return is the result. This is a sharing economy platform.

If you open a sharing platform, ah, I'm talking about the primitive one in the community. If someone asks you why you say sharing economy is a good model and a good model?

You can tell him the following three points:

1. Low cost 2. Establishing connection 3. Sustainable development

First of all, the cost is low. In the case of a car. In the field of car rental, we all know that Shenzhou car rental is a typical traditional car rental company. They will purchase a batch of vehicles from automobile manufacturers, build them on their own car rental companies, and then rent a piece of land to park these vehicles. At the same time, in order to do a good job in the C-end service, Shenzhou will also establish offline outlets in various cities to provide services. These are so-called costs, whether it's time cost or capital cost, so the car we rent in Shenzhou will be very expensive.

Another company is called PP car rental. Their mode is a sharing economy mode. They have no offline stores, no self purchased vehicles, just a matchmaking platform. The cars come from the owners of the society. There is no cost for purchasing vehicles and no parking lot, which makes the cost of users on PP car rental drop sharply. Therefore, the price of PP car rental will be much cheaper than that of Shenzhou car rental 。

This is the first point of low cost, and then to establish a connection.

In the 11th and 12th years, you may remember the baituanjie war. At that time, because of the low threshold of group buying, thousands of group buying websites went online. However, soon these websites fell down in batches. Some people said that bat was rich in funds and small businessmen could not do it.

But I think a big reason is that none of these platforms have a "connection" with users. They are only an online platform for users to enjoy services or buy things at a price. You and the platform, the platform and the merchants, you and the merchants are just a money transaction. Therefore, there will be a large amount of preferential policies for this platform. Consumers will go to this platform and register for another one with less money. There is no so-called user stickiness.

In the view of sharing economy, it allows users to connect directly with users. Just like the story I told, in the process of sharing, they know each other and become a way to know strangers. In fact, I'm also a windmill owner. When I'm taking others on the way, sometimes I really forget that it's a money transaction, and I'm immersed in two people on the road, talking about a distance I've read. Airbnb once made a survey. It was found that when people choose to rent a house, they will choose the house owner who has common interests with them. Isn't that interesting, but it's also reasonable. The platform allows people to connect with each other, and the interests and hobbies add a lock to the connection. If many people get to know each other through your platform, think about whether they will like it What's the difference in life that this platform brings to them? This creates an invisible connection.

Finally, sustainability

We all know that the roads in Beijing are very crowded, the car ownership is very high, and the car lines to and from Tongzhou are very long every day, but we don't know if you have noticed that few of these cars can fully seat, basically one or two people, and the rest of the seats are the so-called idle resources.

If we all use the way of sharing economy to travel, then these empty seats will be reasonably used to play their value. At the same time, if such a way of travel becomes a habit and people's travel needs are met, will the growth of cars slow down? This is the way that people give up creating resources and turn to reusing existing resources.

This kind of travel mode of sharing economy is a very environmentally friendly and sustainable development mode for China and the world.

Lei Jun once said that pigs can fly in the tuyere. Sharing economy is one of the tuyeres in the next 5-10 years. We can see from the investment of capital market in this field that Uber raised $1 billion this year, with a valuation of more than 50 billion, while airbnb also raised $1 billion this year, with a valuation of $20 billion. These are signs that the capital market is optimistic about this area.

If you don't believe it, let me give an example of airbnb, a well-known sharing economy company in the world. The company was founded in 2008. At the beginning, two poor losers couldn't afford to rent a house. They found that there was a room empty and thought about whether we could put an air cushion bed. Let passers-by come to bed and we'll get a bed fee, and then prepare breakfast for them. In this way, the two brothers started to work.. Then I really earned the rent back.

So their company's full name is the abbreviation of "air bed and Breakfast". Well, it's quite casual. Their main profit model is to draw commissions from the transactions between lessors and tenants.

The owner of this company has two highlights compared with traditional rental companies, one is price, the other is that it is a social rental. As we have said before, low cost is a feature of the sharing economy. How to understand the social nature of rental?

Airbnb is a rental home for local residents, right? So if you live in, the landlord will introduce you to the surrounding food. Where is the fun? okay.. It's exciting. It's more colorful than the guide said. It's grounded. And they do a survey. The tourists who use airbnb service stay longer in the local area than the ordinary hotel passengers. Other tourism consumption is also higher, which quietly drives the consumption of the city.

However, what capitalists see is not only these, but also the larger imagination space of these products, that is, their extensibility and superposition. For example, Uber does urban logistics, relying on its platform of big data and social capacity supply, if combined with the intervention of driverless technology, the imagination space is huge. For airbnb, because the mutual trust required to establish this transaction link is very high, it is easy to overlay other services, such as tourism and local life, so that the landlord can take you to the most authentic restaurants and scenic spots only known by the local people, which must be a very interesting experience for users.

After boasting for such a long time, it's cheap to connect, but it's also found his problem behind the prosperity, that's security. Airbnb didn't have so many security measures in 2011, so when a homeowner rented out the house, when he returned home, he found that the house had been ransacked, and then the homeowner went to airbnb to complain. This incident was later reported by the major media, which at that time brought great trouble to the company.

After this incident. Whether it's airbnb or Uber, there's one thing. What is it? Is to establish a product credit system.

Payment, evaluation, customer service and communication use these means to improve the overall security of the platform, which has become the standard configuration of the sharing economy platform products.

The ultimate goal of our trust system is not to restrict our users, but to build trust. is it? Build their trust in users and platforms. To achieve a high level of trust between people, the sharing economy can play its greatest role, so we say that trust is more like a booster of the platform, which enables the platform to go faster and better.

If you think about the idea of sharing economy from the perspective of "borrowing and interacting with friends you trust or strangers you don't trust", you will find that there are many.

For example, if you buy a treadmill, you can run for 1 or 2 hours a day, and it will be idle. Can you share it and get the reward by the hour? Like your toilet? What about your washing machine? Do you wash all the time? No, some of the ants in the city still need washing by hand. Share the washing machine to wash clothes? How about the refrigerator and the bike? , can be shared as idle resources.

By observing the existing high-quality sharing economy platforms, we found that they generally have the following rules:

1. In the sharing economy, we are not anonymous;

2. Psychological research shows that we don't want to interfere with people we know;

3. Sharing economy is not a new business model, it is also rebuilding the relationship between people.

4. Money is the second; after the event, reflection on the connection with others sublimates the whole sharing experience.

How to explain the connection sublimation?

Is to let a simple sharing - return to find some of the good and honest we have lost. Find partners, peers, identify and go out of your own world.

And we will find that in the world of sharing economy, business seems to have taken the second place. The communication and connection between people lay the foundation for the whole transaction process, and the best way to obtain interpersonal relationship and real identity, in the current view, is community or community. Because here we get relatively fixed interpersonal skills, and everyone is a real person.

Two days ago, Wu Xiaobo shared how to run a community

Three points: content with attitude, interaction in circles and mutual benefit in sharing.

What is the content of attitude is to speak as a person. We all know that people are both individual. Every word they say represents a unique person. I can't learn. In other brands, we can think of the sharing and happiness of Coca Cola representatives, the intellectual literature and art of impression notes and so on. This distinctive personality is created through repeated activities and publicity. If you want to make your community unique, please start thinking today? who are you? What if you show your personality? Does what you do fit your personality? Put a unique label on yourself. Make a community of faces tomorrow.

What's more, how to explain the circle interaction? For example, if you like tfboys, you find that the neighbor next door also likes it, and the neighbor's neighbor also likes it. Then more and more people in the community like it, which forms a circle. You have a slow left and right hand movement every day...

When we plan to slide in the community, have you ever thought about how to use this kind of circle? For example, planning interaction for this circle to make their relationship closer? This is the so-called circle interaction.

Finally, mutual benefit in sharing. I want to find one that has been mentioned a lot before, you know..

epilogue

Finally, I'd like to end today's sharing with a sentence of "great man". Pierre omidya, founder of eBay, said, "we don't have to design values. Our community has developed its own values. We need to coordinate with it or it won't work. "